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''Scooby-Doo'' is an American animated cartoon franchise, comprising several animated television series produced from 1969 to the present day. The original series, ''Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!'', was created for Hanna-Barbera Productions by writers Joe Ruby and Ken Spears in 1969. This Saturday-morning cartoon series featured four teenagers—Fred Jones, Daphne Blake, Velma Dinkley, and Norville "Shaggy" Rogers—and their talking brown Great Dane〔 named Scooby-Doo, who solve mysteries involving supposedly supernatural creatures through a series of antics and missteps.〔CD liner notes: Saturday Mornings: Cartoons' Greatest Hits, 1995 MCA Records〕 Following the success of the original series, Hanna-Barbera and its successor Warner Bros. Animation have produced numerous follow-up and spin-off animated series and several related works, including television specials and telefilms, a line of direct-to-video films, and two Warner Bros.–produced theatrical feature films. Some versions of ''Scooby-Doo'' feature different variations on the show's supernatural theme, and include characters such as Scooby's cousin Scooby-Dum and nephew Scrappy-Doo in addition to or instead of some of the original characters. ''Scooby-Doo'' was originally broadcast on CBS from 1969 to 1976, when it moved to ABC. ABC aired the show until canceling it in 1986, and presented a spin-off featuring the characters as children, ''A Pup Named Scooby-Doo'', from 1988 until 1991. New ''Scooby-Doo'' series aired as part of ''Kids WB'' on The WB Network and its successor, The CW Network, from 2002 until 2008. ''Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated'' aired on Cartoon Network from 2010 to 2013,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scooby-Doo: Mystery Incorporated on Cartoon Network ) (【引用サイトリンク】title=Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated ) (【引用サイトリンク】title=Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated – Series Overview )〕 and ''Be Cool, Scooby-Doo!'' debuted on Cartoon Network in 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cartoon Network reviving 'Tom & Jerry,' 'Scooby-Doo' )〕 Repeats of the various ''Scooby-Doo'' series are broadcast frequently on Cartoon Network and Boomerang in the United States as well as other countries. In 2013, ''TV Guide'' ranked ''Scooby-Doo'' the fifth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=TV Guide Magazine's 60 Greatest Cartoons of All Time )〕 ==Development== In 1968, parent-run organizations, particularly Action for Children's Television (ACT), began to protest about what they perceived as excessive violence in Saturday morning cartoons.〔William Richter "()". Museum of Broadcast Communications. Retrieved June 9, 2006.〕 Most of these shows were Hanna-Barbera action cartoons such as ''Space Ghost'' and ''The Herculoids'', and virtually all of them were canceled by 1969 because of pressure from the parent groups. Members of these watchgroups served as advisers to Hanna-Barbera and other animation studios to ensure that their new programs would be safe for children. Fred Silverman, executive in charge of daytime programming for the CBS network at the time, was looking for a show that would revitalize his Saturday morning line and please the watch groups at the same time. The result was ''The Archie Show'', based upon Bob Montana's teenage humor comic book ''Archie''. Also successful were the musical numbers The Archies performed during each program (one of which, "Sugar, Sugar", was the most successful ''Billboard'' number-one hit of 1969). Silverman was eager to build upon this success, and contacted producers William Hanna and Joseph Barbera about possibly creating another show based on a teenage rock group, this one featuring teens who solved mysteries in between gigs. Silverman envisioned the show as a cross between the popular ''I Love a Mystery'' radio serials of the 1940s and either the Archie characters or the popular early 1960s television series ''The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis''.〔Laurence Marcus & Stephen R. Hulce (October 2000). "(Scooby Doo, Where Are You )". ''Television Heaven''. Retrieved on June 9, 2006.〕 After attempting to develop his own version of the proposed show called ''House of Mystery'',〔 Joseph Barbera, who handled the development and sale of Hanna-Barbera shows while William Hanna handled production,〔 passed the task along to story writers Joe Ruby & Ken Spears and artist/character designer Iwao Takamoto. Their original treatment, based in part on ''The Archie Show'', was titled ''Mysteries Five'', and featured five teenagers: Geoff, Mike, Kelly, Linda, Linda's brother "W.W." and their dog, Too Much, who were all members of the band "Mysteries Five", including the dog who played bongos. When "The Mysteries Five" were not performing at gigs, they were out solving spooky mysteries involving ghosts, zombies, and other supernatural creatures. Ruby and Spears were unable to decide whether Too Much would be a large cowardly dog or a small feisty dog.〔 When the former was chosen, Ruby and Spears wrote Too Much as a Great Dane, but revised the dog character to a large sheepdog (similar to the Archies' sheepdog, Hot Dog) just before their presentation to Silverman, as Ruby feared the character would be too similar to the comic strip character Marmaduke.〔 Silverman rejected their initial pitch, and after consulting with Barbera on next steps, got Barbera's permission to go ahead with Too Much being a Great Dane instead of a sheepdog.〔Shostak, Stu (February 5, 2012). "(Interview with Joe Ruby and Ken Spears )". ''Stu's Show.'' Retrieved March 18, 2013.〕〔Ruby and Spears (2002).〕 Lead character designer Takamoto, while designing the characters, consulted a studio colleague who happened to be a breeder of Great Danes. After learning the characteristics of a prize-winning Great Dane from her, Takamoto proceeded to break most of the rules and designed Too Much with overly bowed legs, a double chin, and a sloped back, among other abnormalities.〔Ignacio, Cynthia Quimpo (2002). "(Iwao Takamoto: Scooby-Doo and Iawo, Too )". ''Yolk 2.0.'', vol. 9, issue 3. Los Angeles, CA: Informasian Media Group, Inc.〕〔(2006). Interview with Iwao Takamoto. ''Eerie Mystery of Scooby-Doo and Dynomutt's History'' (featurette from ''The Scooby-Doo/Dynomut Hour: The Complete Series'' DVD bonus features ). New York, Los Angeles, CA: Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc. Excerpt: "The Great Dane was supposed to be the biggest dog around ... and there was a woman (the studio ) who actually bred and reared Great Danes. So, she came over, and spent a solid hour describing all of the positive things that makes a prize-winning Great Dane. And I selected about five things, I think, and went in the opposite direction. For instance, a good, strong straight back, so I sloped his back. A strong chin, so I under-swung his chin ... and I think straight hind legs she mentioned. So I bowed them ..."〕 Ruby and Spears' second pass at the show used ''Dobie Gillis'' as the template for the teenagers rather than ''Archie''. The treatment retained the dog Too Much, while reducing the number of teenagers to four, removing the Mike character and retaining Geoff, Kelly, Linda, and W.W.〔 As their personalities were modified, so were the characters' names: Geoff became "Ronnie"〔(1969) Original storyboards for ''Scooby-Doo, Where are You!''. Los Angeles: Hanna-Barbera Productions. Retrieved from http://web.archive.org/web/19990427022739/cartoonnetwork.com/doc/scooby/sdsb.html. The original storyboards for "What a Night for a Knight" identify the Fred character as "Ronnie"〕 – later renamed "Fred" (at Silverman's behest),〔(2006). Interview with Ken Spears. ''Eerie Mystery of Scooby-Doo and Dynomutt's History''. Excerpt: "That character () started out ... I think his name was 'Geoff' ... and then he became 'Harvey'. And then all of a sudden, Fred () came in and said (character ) was going to be 'Fred'. So, I guess he had something to do with that."〕 Kelly became "Daphne", Linda "Velma", and W.W. "Shaggy". The teens were now based on four teenage characters from ''The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis'': Dobie Gillis, Thalia Menninger, Zelda Gilroy and Maynard G. Krebs, respectively.〔〔Evanier, Mark. (July 10, 2002).(Post ) on "News from Me" blog for ''Povonline.com''. Retrieved on March 27, 2006. Excerpt: "Fred was based on Dobie, Velma on Zelda, Daphne on Thalia and Shaggy on Maynard."〕 The revised show was re-pitched to Silverman, who liked the material but, disliking the title ''Mysteries Five'', decided to call the show ''Who's S-S-Scared?''〔 Silverman presented ''Who's S-S-Scared?'' to the CBS executives as the centerpiece for the upcoming 1969–70 season's Saturday morning cartoon block. CBS president Frank Stanton felt that the presentation artwork was too scary for young viewers and, thinking the show would be the same, decided to pass on it.〔 Now without a centerpiece for the upcoming season's programming, Silverman had Ruby, Spears, and the Hanna-Barbera staff revise the treatments and presentation materials to tone down the show and better reflect its comedy elements. The rock band element was dropped, and more attention was focused upon Shaggy and Too Much. According to Ruby and Spears, Silverman was inspired by Frank Sinatra's scat "doo-be-doo-be-doo" at the end of his recording of "Strangers in the Night" on a flight to one of the development meetings, and decided to rename the dog "Scooby-Doo" and re-rechristen the show ''Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!''〔 The revised show was re-presented to CBS executives, who approved it for production. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scooby-Doo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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